Who needs an EORI?
Operators completing certain EU customs formalities may need an EORI. For a non-EU business, the registration country depends in part on the first customs operation requiring that identifier.
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Your company
Your establishment and role determine your responsibilities.
Who needs a GPSR Responsible Person?
A product covered by the GPSR may not be placed on the Union market without a responsible economic operator established in the EU. The relevant operator depends on the supply chain and any accepted mandate.
When is a CE Authorized Representative relevant?
A manufacturer may appoint an authorised representative in writing where the applicable CE legislation permits it. Design and conformity assessment duties belonging to the manufacturer are not transferred.
EORI, VAT, and IOSS compared
EORI identifies an operator for customs. VAT concerns transaction taxation. IOSS is an optional scheme for certain distance sales of low-value imported goods. One identifier does not replace another.
Example: US manufacturer
A US manufacturer selling physical goods in the EU should assess customs and EORI, VAT, general product safety, the EU responsible operator, and any applicable CE legislation separately.
Example: seller established in China
A Chinese seller using a marketplace and EU stock should identify the importer, declarant, stock holder, VAT obligations, and responsible economic operator for each product.